Support to African peace support operations: Difference between revisions
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* [https://undocs.org/a/71/410 A/71/410–S/2016/809] Report of the joint AU-UN review of available mechanisms to finance and support AU peace support operations authorized by the UN Security Council | * [https://undocs.org/a/71/410 A/71/410–S/2016/809] Report of the joint AU-UN review of available mechanisms to finance and support AU peace support operations authorized by the UN Security Council | ||
* [https://undocs.org/s/2017/454 S/2017/454] Options for authorization and support for AU peace support operations: Report of the Secretary-General | * [https://undocs.org/s/2017/454 S/2017/454] Options for authorization and support for AU peace support operations: Report of the Secretary-General | ||
* [https://undocs.org/S/2020/1020 S/2020/1020] Letter from the Secretary-General to the President of the Security Council on the independent assessment of United Nations-African Union cooperation and the structure and capacity of the [[United Nations Office to the African Union]] | |||
For the list of annual reports on strengthening the partnership between the UN and the AU on issues of peace and security in Africa, including on the work of the United Nations Office to the African Union, please see the article on [[United Nations Office to the African Union|UNOAU]]. | For the list of annual reports on strengthening the partnership between the UN and the AU on issues of peace and security in Africa, including on the work of the United Nations Office to the African Union, please see the article on [[United Nations Office to the African Union|UNOAU]]. |
Revision as of 20:05, 22 October 2020
Since its establishment, many of the peace support operations (PSOs) established by the African Union have received support—whether financial, logistical or both—from the United Nations. The Security Council can authorize regional arrangements such as the African Union to take action to deal with matters relating to the maintenance of international peace and security under Chapter VIII of the United Nations Charter, though it has also—as in the case of AMISOM—authorized African Union PSOs to take action under Chapter VII.
The United Nations Office to the African Union (UNOAU) in Addis Ababa is the primary liaison between the United Nations and the African Union on questions of peace and security. At Headquarters, the two main organizational units involved in support to PSOs are the African Union Partnership Team in the Office of the Assistant Secretary-General for Africa (political and substantive issues) and the Support Partnerships Service within the Department of Operational Support (mission support issues).
African Union peace support operations
African Union PSOs are mandated by the African Union Peace and Security Council (AUPSC), and responsibility for resource mobilization, accountability, oversight and management rests with the African Union Commission. All African Union PSOs, past and present, are listed below. Current missions are denoted in bold.
Peace support operation | Countries | Established | Closed | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
African Union Mission in Burundi (AMIB) | Burundi | 2003 | 2004 | Transitioned to ONUB with adoption of SCR 1545(2004) |
African Union Mission in the Sudan (AMIS) | Sudan (Darfur) | 2004 | 2007 | Transitioned to UNAMID with adoption of SCR 1769(2007) |
African Union Observer Mission in the Comoros (MIOC) | Comoros | 2004 | 2004 | |
African Union Mission for Support to the Elections in the Comoros (AMISEC) | Comoros | 2006 | 2006 | |
African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) | Somalia | 2007 | Ongoing | Replaced proposed IGAD mission (IGASOM); originally envisaged to transition to a UN peacekeeping operation |
African Union Electoral and Security Assistance Mission in the Comoros (MAES) | Comoros | 2007 | 2008 | |
African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) | Sudan (Darfur) | 2007 | Ongoing | Hybrid mission administered by the UN |
African-led International Support Mission in Mali (AFISMA) | Mali | 2012 | 2013 | Transitioned to MINUSMA with adoption of SCR 2100(2013) |
African-led International Support Mission in the Central African Republic (MISCA) | Central African Republic | 2013 | 2014 | Transitioned to MINUSCA with adoption of SCR 2149(2014) |
In addition, a number of missions have been authorized by the AUPSC but are not managed by the African Union Commission.
Mission | Countries | Established | Closed | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Operation Democracy in the Comoros | Comoros | 2008 | 2008 | |
Regional Coordination Initiative for the Elimination of the Lord’s Resistance Army (RCI-LRA) | Central African Republic, DRC, South Sudan, Uganda | 2011 | Ongoing | Included the AU Regional Task Force (AU-RTF), which became defunct in 2017 following the end of U.S.-provided logistical support and the subsequent withdrawal of its main TCC (Uganda) |
Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) | Cameroon, Chad, Niger, Nigeria | 2005 | Ongoing | |
G5 Sahel Joint Force (FC-G5S) | Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Niger | 2017 | Ongoing |
Relevant Security Council decisions
The Security Council has taken a number of decisions regarding United Nations support to African Union PSOs, including the following:
Decision | Date (MM/DD/YY) | Notes |
---|---|---|
S/PRST/2006/55 | 12/19/2006 | Call for deployment of LSP, HSP and hybrid operation in Darfur |
Security Council resolution 1809 (2008) | 04/16/2008 | Welcomed SG proposal to establish a high-level UN-AU panel to consider modalities of support to AU peacekeeping |
Security Council resolution 1863 (2009) | 01/16/2009 | Established the United Nations Support Office for AMISOM (UNSOA) |
S/PRST/2009/3 | 03/18/2009 | Requested practical ways to provide effective support to the African Union; led to issuance of S/2009/470 |
Security Council resolution 2036 (2012) | 02/22/2012 | Expanded UNSOA support to include reimbursement for major equipment to AMISOM TCCs |
S/PRST/2014/27 | 12/16/2014 | Requested annual report on ways to strengthen the partnership between the UN and AU |
Security Council resolution 2245 (2015) | 11/09/2015 | Replaced UNSOA with UNSOS; expanded support to include self-sustainment reimbursement |
Security Council resolution 2320 (2016) | 11/18/2016 | Expressed readiness to consider proposals for future authorization and support to African Union PSOs; led to issuance of S/2017/454 |
Security Council resolution 2378 (2017) | 09/20/2017 | Expressed intention to give further consideration to practical steps to partly finance AU PSOs through UN assessed contributions on a case by case basis |
Security Council resolution 2391 (2017) | 12/08/2017 | Authorized provision of logistical support to G5 Sahel through MINUSMA |
Key documents
- S/2008/186 Report of the Secretary-General on the relationship between the UN and regional organizations, in particular the AU, in the maintenance of international peace and security
- A/63/666–S/2008/813 Report of the AU-UN panel on modalities for support to AU peacekeeping operations (Prodi Report)
- A/64/359–S/2009/470 Support to AU peacekeeping operations authorized by the UN: Report of the Secretary-General
- A/71/410–S/2016/809 Report of the joint AU-UN review of available mechanisms to finance and support AU peace support operations authorized by the UN Security Council
- S/2017/454 Options for authorization and support for AU peace support operations: Report of the Secretary-General
- S/2020/1020 Letter from the Secretary-General to the President of the Security Council on the independent assessment of United Nations-African Union cooperation and the structure and capacity of the United Nations Office to the African Union
For the list of annual reports on strengthening the partnership between the UN and the AU on issues of peace and security in Africa, including on the work of the United Nations Office to the African Union, please see the article on UNOAU.
Options for support to specific PSOs
Reports in which the Secretary-General proposed options to support specific African Union PSOs are provided below and should be read in conjunction with the above Security Council decisions.
- AMISOM
- S/2008/804 Somalia: next steps for the military/peacekeeping track (see paragraphs 7 and 8)
- S/2009/60 Details of support to be provided to the African Union Mission in Somalia
- S/2011/591 Letter dated 21 September 2011 from the Secretary-General to the President of the Security Council
- S/2012/74 Special report of the Secretary-General on Somalia (see section V on support implications; proposed reimbursement for contingent-owned equipment)
- S/2015/762 Letter dated 7 October 2015 from the Secretary-General addressed to the President of the Security Council (paragraph 38 proposes reimbursement for self-sustainment)
- G5 Sahel Joint Force
- S/2017/869 Report on the G5 Sahel Joint Force (see section V on options for United Nations support)
- S/2020/476 Situation in Mali (see section IV on the implementation of paragraph 13 of resolution 2391)